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@ -203,6 +203,54 @@ print(math.cos(math.pi))
## [Behind the curtain ](https://docs.python.org/3/library/operator.html)
{: .topic-optional}
This is an optional topic!
If you do a + b, in reality this is internally replaced by add(a, b).
These are the ["Mapping Operators to Functions"](https://docs.python.org/3/library/operator.html#mapping-operators-to-functions):
|Operation|Syntax|Function|
|---|---|---|
|Addition|a + b|add(a, b)|
|Concatenation|seq1 + seq2|concat(seq1, seq2)|
|Containment Test|obj in seq|contains(seq, obj)|
|Division|a / b|truediv(a, b)|
|Division|a // b|floordiv(a, b)|
|Bitwise And|a & b|and_(a, b)|
|Bitwise Exclusive Or|a ^ b|xor(a, b)|
|Bitwise Inversion|~ a|invert(a)|
|Bitwise Or|a \| b|or_(a, b)|
|Exponentiation|a ** b|pow(a, b)|
|Identity|a is b|is_(a, b)|
|Identity|a is not b|is_not(a, b)|
|Indexed Assignment|obj[k] = v|setitem(obj, k, v)|
|Indexed Deletion|del obj[k]|delitem(obj, k)|
|Indexing|obj[k]|getitem(obj, k)|
|Left Shift|a << b|lshift(a, b)|
|Modulo|a % b|mod(a, b)|
|Multiplication|a * b|mul(a, b)|
|Matrix Multiplication|a @ b|matmul(a, b)|
|Negation (Arithmetic)|- a|neg(a)|
|Negation (Logical)|not a|not_(a)|
|Positive|+ a|pos(a)|
|Right Shift|a >> b|rshift(a, b)|
|Slice Assignment|seq[i:j] = values|setitem(seq, slice(i, j), values)|
|Slice Deletion|del seq[i:j]|delitem(seq, slice(i, j))|
|Slicing|seq[i:j]|getitem(seq, slice(i, j))|
|String Formatting|s % obj|mod(s, obj)|
|Subtraction|a - b|sub(a, b)|
|Truth Test|obj|truth(obj)|
|Ordering|a < b|lt(a, b)|
|Ordering|a <= b|le(a, b)|
|Equality|a == b|eq(a, b)|
|Difference|a != b|ne(a, b)|
|Ordering|a >= b|ge(a, b)|
|Ordering|a > b|gt(a, b)|