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# Flow Control while, pass, break, continue
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<nav markdown="1" class="toc-class">
* TOC
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</nav>
## The goal
While we wait...
Questions to [David Rotermund](mailto:davrot@uni-bremen.de)
**Logic blocks need to be indented. Preferable with 4 spaces!**
## [The while statement](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/compound_stmts.html#the-while-statement)
```python
i = 0
while i < 3:
print(i)
i += 1
```
Output
```python
0
1
2
```
## The full statement
```python
while_stmt ::= "while" assignment_expression ":" suite
["else" ":" suite]
```
## [pass](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-pass-statement)
Since Python uses indents as definition for a functional block it needs pass for signaling an empty functional block.
> pass is a null operation — when it is executed, nothing happens. It is useful as a placeholder when a statement is required syntactically, but no code needs to be executed
```python
pass_stmt ::= "pass"
```
## [break](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-break-statement)
> break may only occur syntactically nested in a for or while loop, but not nested in a function or class definition within that loop.
> It terminates the nearest enclosing loop, skipping the optional else clause if the loop has one.
> If a for loop is terminated by break, the loop control target keeps its current value.
```python
break_stmt ::= "break"
```
```python
for i in range(0, 5):
if i == 2:
break
print(i)
```
Output:
```python
0
1
```
## [continue](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-continue-statement)
> continue may only occur syntactically nested in a for or while loop, but not nested in a function or class definition within that loop. It continues with the next cycle of the nearest enclosing loop.
```python
continue_stmt ::= "continue"
```
```python
for i in range(0, 5):
if i == 2:
continue
print(i)
```
Output:
```python
0
1
3
4
```